Absorción de líquidos de irrigación en cirugía, un peligro que el anestesiólogo ignora.
CRITICAL CARE & EMERGENGY MEDICINE VOL. 4
Absorption of irrigation fluids in surgery, a danger that the anesthesiologist ignores
- 2 agosto, 2025
- Revisión narrativa, Volumen 4.
Abstract
Surgeries requiring irrigation fluids, such as urological and gynaecological surgeries, are not new and are becoming more frequent in all types of patients, especially in the elderly; what may be new for the anaesthesiologist is that in many cases the amount of fluid absorbed by the patient’s vascular system during the procedure is underestimated, a situation that may even put the patient’s life at risk. The aim of this article is to identify the fluids commonly used in procedures requiring irrigation, the composition of the fluids used, their half-life and the approximate amount absorbed during surgery, as well as the possible complications associated with their absorption. Articles were searched using keywords and medical subject headings: types of surgery with irrigation fluids, irrigation fluids in surgery, TURP, urological surgery complications, gynaecological laparoscopic surgery, urological surgery complications, water overload, absorption syndrome, mannitol, intravenous solutions. The evidence was analysed and synthesised for narrative reporting. Absorption of irrigation fluids during surgery is common and should be considered in the management of potential complications.
Resumen
Las cirugías que requieren líquidos de irrigación como en cirugía de urología y ginecológica no son una novedad, cada vez son mas frecuentes su realización en pacientes de todo tipo, sobre todo en pacientes de edad avanzada, lo que sí puede ser una novedad para el anestesiólogo es que en gran
ocasión se llega a subestimar la cantidad de líquido que se absorbe en el sistema vascular del paciente durante la realización del procedimiento, situación que puede poner en riesgo incluso la vida del paciente. El objetivo de este artículo es conocer los líquidos que se utilizan de manera frecuente durante los procedimientos que requieren irrigación, la composición de los líquidos empleados, su vida media y el aproximado que se absorbe durante el procedimiento quirúrgico, así como también las probables complicaciones que conlleva su absorción. Se buscaron artículos utilizando palabras clave: líquidos de irrigación, cirugía, complicaciones, sobrecarga hídrica, síndrome por líquidos de irrigación y títulos de temas médicos: tipos de cirugía con líquidos de irrigación, líquidos de irrigación en cirugía, resección transuretral de la próstata (RTUP) complicaciones de cirugía urológica, cirugía laparoscópica ginecológica, complicaciones en cirugía urológica, sobrecarga hídrica, síndrome por absorción, manitol, soluciones intravenosas. La evidencia fue analizada y sintetizada para su reporte narrativo. La absorción de líquidos de irrigación durante una cirugía es abundante y debe ser considerada para el manejo de las posibles complicaciones.
Keywords
Irrigation fluids, urological surgery, fluid overload.
Biografias de autores
Referencias
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